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1.
Arch Esp Urol ; 71(7): 575-582, 2018 09.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30198848

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Anogenital distance (AGD), the distance from the centre of the anus to the genitals, is a sexually dimorphic phenotype in mammals. Several experimental studies have demonstrated that AGD is a biomarker of prenatal androgen exposure during the masculinisation period of development. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between AGD (as an indirect marker of prenatal hormonal environment) and severity of the surgical specimen and prostate cancer (PCa) prognosis. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study with a total of 119 PCa patients with confirmed biopsy of the tumour. Every participant underwent a physical examination where two variants of the AGD were assessed, a) from the anus to the cephalad insertion of the penis (AGDAP) and b) to the posterior base of the scrotum (AGDAS). To assess the association between both AGD and severity and PCa prognosis multiple logistic regression analysis was used. RESULTS: Longer AGDAS was significantly associated with biochemical recurrence and affected margins of the surgical specimen (OR: 2.5; IC 95%:1.2-5.5, and 2.8; IC 95%: 1.1-7.5, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that a higher prenatal androgen exposure, resulting in a longer AGD, is associated with worse prognosis of PCa.


Assuntos
Canal Anal/anatomia & histologia , Genitália Masculina/anatomia & histologia , Neoplasias da Próstata , Idoso , Tamanho Corporal , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Neoplasias da Próstata/cirurgia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
2.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 71(7): 575-582, sept. 2018. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-178730

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: La distancia anogenital (DAG) es un marcador de desarrollo genital que presenta un dimorfismo sexual en mamíferos. Diversos estudios experimentales han demostrado que la DAG al nacimiento refleja la exposición androgénica a la que el feto ha estado expuesto durante su desarrollo intrauterino. El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue analizar la asociación entre la DAG (como marcador indirecto del ambiente hormonal intrauterino) y la severidad en la pieza quirúrgica y el pronóstico del cáncer de próstata (CaP). MÉTODOS: Se trata de un estudio transversal que incluyó 119 pacientes intervenidos de CaP y con confirmación histológica por biopsia. A cada paciente se le realizó una exploración física y se midieron dos variantes de DAG; a) medida desde la inserción posterior del pene en el abdomen bajo al borde superior del ano (DAGAP) y b) medida desde la base posterior del escroto al borde superior del ano (DAGAS). La asociación entre ambas DAG y los indicadores de severidad y pronóstico postquirúrgicos de CaP se realizaron mediante análisis de regresión logística múltiple. RESULTADOS: La DAGAS se asoció significativamente con la recidiva bioquímica y márgenes afectados en la pieza quirúrgica (OR: 2,5; IC 95%: 1,2-5,5, y 2,8; IC 95%: 1,1-7,5, respectivamente). CONCLUSIÓN: Nuestros resultados sugieren que una mayor exposición androgénica prenatal, reflejado en una DAG alargada, estaría asociada con un peor pronóstico del CaP


OBJECTIVE: Anogenital distance (AGD), the distance from the centre of the anus to the genitals, is a sexually dimorphic phenotype in mammals. Several experimental studies have demonstrated that AGD is a biomarker of prenatal androgen exposure during the masculinisation period of development. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between AGD (as an indirect marker of prenatal hormonal environment) and severity of the surgical specimen and prostate cancer (PCa) prognosis. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study with a total of 119 PCa patients with confirmed biopsy of the tumour. Every participant underwent a physical examination where two variants of the AGD were assessed, a) from the anus to the cephalad insertion of the penis (AGDAP) and b) to the posterior base of the scrotum (AGDAS). To assess the association between both AGD and severity and PCa prognosis multiple logistic regression analysis was used. RESULTS: Longer AGDAS was significantly associated with biochemical recurrence and affected margins of the surgical specimen (OR: 2.5; IC 95%:1.2-5.5, and 2.8; IC 95%: 1.1-7.5, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that a higher prenatal androgen exposure, resulting in a longer AGD, is associated with worse prognosis of PCa


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Canal Anal/anatomia & histologia , Genitália Masculina/anatomia & histologia , Neoplasias da Próstata/cirurgia , Tamanho Corporal , Estudos Transversais , Prognóstico , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
3.
Urol. colomb ; 27(3): 254-259, 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-981260

RESUMO

El cociente entre la longitud del segundo y cuarto dedo (2D:4D) de la mano es un rasgo de dimorfismo sexual, presentando los hombres una ratio menor que las mujeres.1 Varios estudios de cohortes2,3 y un metaanálisis,4 han mostrado que la diferencia de género en la ratio de los dedos se asocia con la exposición de andrógenos prenatales. El cociente 2D:4D está inversamente relacionado a la exposición intrauterina de testosterona (T) y directamente relacionado a la de estradiol.2 Existe evidencia que afirma que la ratio 2D:4D podría ser un marcador válido para los niveles hormonales del adulto (T y estrógeno),3 aunque ese dato es controvertido.4Por esa razón, el cociente 2D:4D seha utilizado como un biomarcador no invasivo y retrospectivo para la exposición prenatal de andrógenos, y se ha correlacionado con una amplia gama de enfermedades como el autismo,5 así como la cognición visoespacial y la orientación sexual.6


The quotient between the length of the second and fourth finger (2D:4D) hand is a trait of sexual dimorphism, featuring the men a lower ratio than women.1 Several studies of the cohorts2,3 and a meta-analysis,4 have shown that the difference between The gender ratio of the fingers is associated with the exposure of prenatal androgens. The quotient 2D:4D is inversely related to intrauterine testosterone (T) exposure and directly related to that of estradiol.2 There is evidence which states that the 2D:4D ratio could be a valid marker for adult hormone levels (T and estrogen),3 although that data is controversial.4 For that reason, the 2D:4D quotient has been used as a noninvasive and retrospective biomarker for prenatal exposure to androgens, and it has been correlated with a wide range of diseases such as autism,5 as well as such as visuospatial cognition and sexual orientation.6


Assuntos
Humanos , Neoplasia Prostática Intraepitelial , Neoplasias da Próstata , Testosterona , Biópsia
4.
An. psicol ; 28(1): 188-195, ene.-abr. 2012. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-96423

RESUMO

Objetivo: Diseñar y validar una escala breve de medición del autoritarismo en la población adolescente. Método: Los ítems y las dimensiones se formularon adaptando, al contexto específico de la adolescencia, el concepto de actitud autoritaria (conjunto de creencias y sentimientos que inducen a discriminar y ejercer violencia sobre aquellos sujetos que se perciben diferentes). Inicialmente se identificaron 14 ítems correspondientes a las actitudes de tipo autoritario más habituales en el período adolescente (violencia entre iguales, sexismo y actitudes xenófobas). El cuestionario se administró a una muestra de 1960 alumnos pertenecientes a centros de Educación Secundaria. Resultados: Después de eliminar 3, de entre los 14 ítems iniciales, el modelo propuesto de 3 dimensiones mostró un buen ajuste a los datos (GFI= 0.96), tuvo uno elevada consistencia (alpha de Cronbach= 0.83) y confirmó su validez de constructo (AU)


Objective: Design and validate a short measurement scale of authoritarianism for teenagers. Methods: The items and dimensions were formulated to adapt the concepts related to authoritarian attitude (set of beliefs and feelings that induce to discriminate and exercise violence on those subjects that are perceived as different) to the specific context of adolescence. Initially, 14 items corresponding to the most habitual attitudes of authoritarian type in the teen period (gender tolerance, ethnic diversity tolerance and scholar violence attitudes) were identified. The questionnaire was provided to a sample of 1960 pupils belonging to Secondary Education Schools. Results: In the factorial analyses, 3 out of the 14 initial items were eliminated. The three dimensional model proposed here showed good adjustment (GFI= 0.96) and achieved high consistency (alpha of Cronbach= 0.83) confirming its construct validity (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Autoritarismo , Personalidade , Psicologia do Adolescente/ética , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes/métodos , Estudos de Validação como Assunto , Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica Breve/estatística & dados numéricos , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica Breve/normas , Atitude , Personalidade/classificação , Personalidade/genética , Adolescente/legislação & jurisprudência , Psicologia do Adolescente/métodos , Psicologia do Adolescente/normas , Inquéritos e Questionários
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